七年级英语语法：形容词和副词

　　在中考单项选择中形容词也占一定比例，一般考查有关形容词或副词的一些搭配，但绝大部分考查形容词与副词的比较级和最高级。

　　一、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级

　　①一般的比较级和最高级在形容词或副词后加-er或-est，如：small —— smaller —— smallest

　　②以不发音-e结尾的形容词或副词直接加 –r或 –st，如large —— largest —— largest

　　③重读闭音节词尾是一个辅音字母的，需双写该辅音字母，再加-er或-est.

　　④以辅音字母加 y 结尾的形容词和副词，把“y”变“i”，再加 –er或-est.busy——busier——busiesthappy——happier——happiest

　　但一些双音节及多音节形容词或副词前要加more和most，如：slowly —— more slowly —— most slowlydifficult——more difficult——most difficultbeautiful——more beautiful——most beautiful; 但还有一些不规则的变化：good / well——better——bestmany——more——mostbad / ill / badly ——worse——worstlittle——less——leastfar —— farther / further —— farther / furthest

　　二、形容词和副词的等比句型

　　①as…as… 和……一样 I’m as tall as you.

　　②not as(so)…as 不和…… 一样(在否定句中常用so 来代替as)

　　如，I can’t run so fast as you.

　　另外as…as possible 为固定结构，如，as soon as possible， as quickly as possible 等。

　　在以上两个句型中形容词或副词一定要用原级。

　　三、形容词和副词的其它句型还有：

　　①形容词/ 副词 比较级 + than 句型 ，在than 后面的人称代词 用主语和宾语均可。He is older than I / me. 但是如果人称代词后有动词时，则只能用主格形式。如， Tom found more red leaves than I did.

　　②“the + 比较级， the + 比较级” 结构表示两个变化一起发生。如， The more you learn， the more you’ll know.

　　③“more and more”结构(指两个形容词比较级用and 连接)表示持续不断的变化。 如： I’m getting thinner and thinner.

　　四、修饰形容词和副词的比较级的副词要用much， a lot， a little， a bit， far等，very不能和比较级连用。如： The blouse I bought yesterday is a little less expensive. 昨天我买的衬衣比较便宜。To play basketball is far more enjoyable to the boy. 打篮球对于男孩子来说要有趣得多。

　　五、形容词的一些搭配，

　　如：be glad / happy/ pleased to do 很高兴做某事be sorry to do 很抱歉，很遗憾做某事be sure to do 一定/相信会做某事be ready to do 准备好做某事，乐于做某事get ready to do 为……做好准备等等。

　　下面我们来看一些例题。

　　1.The Yellow River is one of ___ in China.

　　A. the longest rivers B. the longer river C. the longest riverD. the long river

　　答案：A

　　2. Does he speak Chinese ___ his brother?

　　A. as better as B. as good as C. as well as D. best than

　　答案：C

　　3. Which shirt do you like ___， the white one or the blue one?

　　A. better B. good C. best D. much

　　答案：A

　　4. I don’t feel ___ to go to work today. I’m ill.

　　A. good enough B. well enough C. enough well D. enough good

　　答案：B

　　5. Mary would like to spend ___ days on her research.

　　A. a little more B. a little C. a few more D. much more

　　答案：C

　　练习：

　　1.Be quiet， class! I have ___ to tell you.

　　A. important anything B. important something

　　C. anything important D. something important

　　答案：D

　　2.This picture book is not ___ that one.

　　A. so interesting as B. so interesting than

　　C. as interesting than D. interesting as

　　答案：A

　　3.This article is ___ than that one.

　　A. much easier B. more easier c. much more easier D. more easy

　　答案：A

　　4.The Changjiang River is ___ river in China.

　　A. long B. longest C. the longest D. longer

　　答案：C

　　5.You must keep your room ___ and tidy.

　　A. to clean B. cleaning C. clean D. cleaned

　　答案：C